Remembering the Martyrs of January 4, 1959
The Democratic Republic of the Congo commemorates this Saturday the riots of January 4, 1959, a significant event on the path to independence, now celebrated as the “Day of Independence Martyrs.” According to official figures, these events caused 49 deaths, but the ABAKO, a major political party of the time, believes that several hundred Congolese were killed.
Roots of Unrest
These riots originated from the return of Congolese leaders from Accra, where they had attended discussions on the liberation of African peoples. The population, eager for knowledge, had demanded a meeting. However, the Belgian colonial authorities, distrustful, refused to authorize this gathering, creating high tension.
“People were agitated. At one point, Kasa-Vubu came. He told the crowd, ‘The meeting will not take place, because it has been banned. But I ask you to have faith in independence. Stay calm. Long live independence!’ The whole crowd chanted, ‘Long live independence!’ And it began…”, recalls Alfred Yongolo, a member of ABAKO.
Historical Significance
Journalist Mwissa Camus testifies to the surprise caused by these events: “It was unimaginable! No one expected this sudden explosion. With the strict control imposed by Belgian colonization, it was difficult to imagine Congolese people setting fire to stores, burning gas stations, or destroying cars. It was spontaneous.”
Historian Léon de Saint-Moulin believes these riots marked a decisive step: “The colonial power had to realize that independence was a deep and widely shared aspiration. Officially, they speak of 49 deaths, but it is likely that there were between 100 and 300. The administration was panicked by the extent of human losses.”
Legacy of Sacrifice
This event marked a point of no return in the struggle for the independence of the DRC, eventually achieved on June 30, 1960. Today, the country honors the memory of the martyrs who gave their lives for a free and sovereign nation.
As we remember the martyrs of January 4, 1959, let us reflect on their courage and sacrifice. Their unwavering dedication to the cause of independence paved the way for a liberated nation. It is essential to recognize and commemorate their contributions, ensuring that their legacy lives on in the hearts and minds of future generations. Let us strive to uphold the values of freedom and sovereignty that they fought for, honoring their memory with our continued commitment to a better, more just society.